Ethical and Philosophical Questions about Value and Obligation Essay

Ethical and Philosophical Questions about take to be and ObligationI Recall the distinction between metaethics and normative ethics. prescriptive ethics deals with substantial ethical issues, such as, What is intrinsically good? What ar our moralistic debt instruments? Metaethics deals with philosophical issues about ethics What is value or moral obligation? Are on that point ethical facts? What sort of objectivity is attainable in ethics? How can we have ethical knowledge?Recall, also, the primaeval dilemma of metaethics. Either there atomic number 18 ethical facts or there aren?t. If they are, what sort of facts are they? In what do they consist? If there are not, why do we think, talk, and feel as though there are?II Philosophical ethics is the integration of metaethics and normative ethics?the start to come to an integrated understanding of both. Given our current perspective, how can we conniption the philosophical ethics of Mill, Kant, Aristotle, Nietz sche, and the ethics of care?III For Mill, the forefront is what is the singing between his (metaethical) empirical naturalism and his (normative) qualitatively hedonist value opening and his utilitarian moral theory? One place we can soak up Mill?s empiricism is his treatment, in Chapter III, of the question of why the t apieceing of utility is ?binding?, how it can generate a moral obligation. correspond Mill?s treatment of this question with Kant?s treatment of the question of why the CI is binding in Chapter III of the Groundwork. IV What is Kant?s metaethics? Since he holds that morality is both necessary and a priori, Kant must be some kind of positivist. But, unlike Plato, he is not the kind of rationalist who holds that there are metaphysically... ...ception might underlie the ethics of care? call in about how we experience our relationships to others. Don?t we experience particular others as making claims on us? Personal relationships are probably the cru sh examples, but arent relationships with strangers quite similar. Think, for example, of fundamental forms of human exchange like gift-giving, promise, and contract. Indeed, the authorized root meaning of ?obligation? refers to bond created between individuals by such exchanges. As in, ?much obliged.?VIII Of course, we have only been able to postdate some of the many different ways in which philosophers have assay to think through the ethical and philosophical questions about value and obligation that any thoughtful human being faces. In the end, it is up to each of us to decide what answers to these questions we find most convincing.